Taskin did not play in the recent drawn one-off Test match against Afghanistan, opting instead to rest, and will replace Khaled Ahmed in the group.
Shoriful Islam, Ebadot Hossain and Hasan Mahmud are the other pacemen that will join Taskin in the squad, while Taijul Islam and Nayeem Hasan and Mehidy Hasan Miraz will provide spin options.
Litton Das has recovered from a hip injury to take his place as wicketkeeper with Najmul Hossain Shanto set to continue to captain Bangladesh in the longest format.
The first Test is part of a two-match series with the second game set to start in Sylhet from 5 November.
Bangladesh Test squad: Najmul Hossain Shanto (capt), Taskin Ahmed, Jaker Ali, Litton Das (wk), Mominul Haque, Tanzid Hasan, Ebadot Hossain, Tawhid Hridoy, Shadman Islam, Shoriful Islam, Taijul Islam, Hasan Mahmud, Mehidy Hasan Miraz, Mushfiqur Rahim, Nayeem Hasan
Towhid Hridoy struck Bangladesh's highest-ever individual score in Test cricket in the second match against West Indies in Sylhet, but the tourists got the draw required to seal a series victory.
West Indies took a 1-0 lead in the two-match Test series in Bangladesh after wrapping up comfortable eight-wicket victory when chasing a target of 170 on the fourth day in Mirpur on Saturday.
Mitchell Starc led Australia to an innings and 51-run win over Bangladesh to tie up the Test series at 1-1 in Darwin on Saturday.
Bangladesh recovered from a disastrous start to fight back against Australia on a remarkable opening day of the second Test in Mackay in which 18 wickets tumbled.
